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Russian given names are provided at birth or selected during a name change. Orthodox Christian names constitute a fair proportion of Russian given names, but there are many exceptions including pre-Christian Slavic names, Communist names, and names taken from ethnic minorities in Russia. Given names form a distinct area of the Russian language with some unique features. The evolution of Russian given names dates back to the pre-Christian era, though the list of common names changed drastically after the adoption of Christianity. In medieval Russia two types of names were in use: canonical names given at baptism (calendar or Christian names, usually modified) and non-canonical. The 14th century was marked by the elimination of non-canonical names, that ended by the 18th century. In the 20th century after the October Revolution the whole idea of a name changed. It was a completely new era in the history of Russian names, marked by significant changes in common names. The names of popular saints are known as "calendar names" from their occurrence in the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar. A common custom is to name the baby for the saint who is the patron over their birthday. Such names include Ivan (, "John"), Andrei (, "Andrew"), Yakov (, "Jacob"), Yuri (, "George"), Tatyana (, "Tatiana"), Maria (, "Mary"), Avdotia (, "Eudocia"), Elizabeta (, "Elizabeth"). The group of calendar names includes traditional names that used to be listed in orthodox menologia prior to the October Revolution and in popular calendars of the Soviet era that had been printed since the second half of the 19th century. 95% of the Russian-speaking population in the Soviet Union in the 1980s had calendar names. Ancient Slavic names include Stanislav (), Rada () and Radomir (), and Dobromila. Old Russian names include Zhdan (), Peresvet (), Lada (), and Lyubava (). Soviet-era names include Vilen (), Avangard (), Ninel (), and Era (). Names borrowed from other languages include Albert (), Ruslan (), Zhanna (), and Leyla (). The number of currently used names is relatively small. According to various estimations no more than 600 masculine and feminine names more or less regularly appear in modern generations: the main body of given names doesn't exceed 300-400. ==History== The history of Russian given name is usually divided in three stages: * pre-Christian, period of pagan names, created by means of Old-East Slavic language. * Christian, foreign Christian names began to replace old pagan names; small proportion of traditional names became canonical; * modern, starting from October Revolution, characterized by elimination of difference between canonical, calendar and non-calendar names, active borrowing and active name construction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian given name」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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